Branched plasticizers derived from eugenol via green polymerization for low/non-migration and externally/internally plasticized polyvinyl chloride materials

The synthesis of nontoxic plasticizers derived from the waste residues of the rosin-processing industry can reduce pollution and promote the high-value utilization of the waste residues of rosin. In this study, four kinds of sustainable branched plasticizers derived from a biomass resource, eugenol (derived from the waste residues of the rosin processing industry), were synthesized via one-pot solvent free polymerization and used to plasticize polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Internally plasticized PVC was fabricated using thiolated DPE (branched plasticizers based on eugenol). The thermal stability, tensile properties, microstructure, volatility behavior, and solvent extraction resistance of plasticized PVC were investigated. Compared with the behavior of the commercial plasticizer dioctyl phthalate, the thermal stability, plasticizing efficiency, and migration resistance of the branched plasticizers are superior. The acute oral toxicity dose of each branched plasticizer was extremely high at 5000 mg/kg of body weight, with no deaths among test animals. Compared with externally plasticized PVC, the internally plasticized PVC showed zero weight loss in volatility and leaching tests despite its less effective plasticization. All the branched plasticizers have potential application in plastic products.     

Kinetic study of the reaction of nucleophilic cyclopropanation of C60 fullerene with halogenated maleopimarimide

The kinetics of nucleophilic fullerene cyclopropanation by halomethyl ketones with a diterpene fragment has been studied by the Bingel method, and the influence of the biologically active cyclopropanating agent on the process has been estimated. It has been revealed that favorable conditions for carrying out the reaction result in maximum monofunctionalized methanofullerenes formation with the maximum yield.     

含脱氢松香骨架的1,8-萘酰亚胺衍生物的合成及其对阴离子的识别

以歧化松香胺为原料合成了6个新型含脱氢松香骨架的1,8-萘酰亚胺衍生物2a～2b和3a～3d,其结构用1H NMR,13C NMR,MS和元素分析进行了表征.对3a～3d进行了阴离子识别研究,并对其识别机理进行了讨论.     

Combining renewable gum rosin and lignin: Towards hydrophobic polymer composites by controlled polymerization

Rosin polymer–grafted lignin composites were prepared via “grafting from” atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) with the aid of 2‐bromoisobutyryl ester‐modified lignin as macroinitiators. Three different monomers derived from dehydroabietic acid (DA) were used for execution of grafting from ATRP, while DA was separately attached onto lignin by a simple esterification reaction. Kinetic studies indicated controlled and “living” characteristics of all monomer polymerizations. Thermal studies indicated that rosin polymer–grafted lignin composites exhibited glass transition temperatures in a broad temperature range from ～20 to 100°C. The grafting of both DA and rosin polymers significantly enhanced hydrophobicity of lignin. Static contact angle measurement of water droplets showed ～90° for all these rosin modified lignin composites. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy demonstrated that the surface of rosin–lignin composites was dominated with chemical compositions originating from the hydrocarbon rich rosin moiety. The impartation of hydrophobicity of rosin into lignin provided excellent water resistance of this class of renewable polymers, as all rosin‐modified lignin composites showed water uptake below 1.0 wt %. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011     

FUNCTIONS OF POLYAMINES IN ROSIN SIZING UNDER NEUTRAL PAPERMAKING CONDITIONS

Functions of the polyamines in neutral rosin sizing were investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) and laser diffraction particle analysis. The polyamine with a higher charge density and a smaller unite size could retainmore rosin and cover larger fiber surfaces. The XPS spectra demonstrated that polyallylamine.(PAAm) and polyvinylamine(PVAm) could react with a rosin size to form a-OC-N-CO-structure, but polydimethylamino ethyl methacrylate(PDMAEMA) could not, The formation of this structure may be a key step for effective sizing.     

松香改性制备表面活性剂及其应用研究进展

从松香出发,可制备阴离子、阳离子、非离子和两性离子等四类表面活性剂。文章综述了国内外近年来以松香和改性松香为主要原料合成表面活性剂及其应用方面的研究进展,分别讨论了这些表面活性剂在使用过程中的主要优势和存在问题。     

松香树脂酸异构化反应研究

以松香为原料、盐酸为催化剂、95%乙醇为重结晶溶剂进行超声波强化松香树脂酸异构化反应研究.通过正交优化实验考察了反应温度、反应时间、超声波频率、搅拌转速、盐酸用量对枞酸单离收率和纯度的影响,确定最佳异构化反应条件为: 超声频率47.2 kHz,反应温度55℃,盐酸用量0.06 mL盐酸·(g松香)-1 ,反应时间40 min,搅拌转速300 r·min-1,枞酸单离收率为31.76%,纯度为97.32%.采用气相色谱仪和圆盘旋光仪对枞酸产品进行了分析鉴定,实验值与文献值吻合.     

含改性松香的丁二醇二缩水甘油醚固化反应动力学研究

设计了含改性松香无苯环的环氧固化体系和无松香的对照体系,分别是无松香体系Ⅰ：丁二醇二缩水甘油醚（BDGE）和甲基六氢苯酐（MeHHPA）;无规体系Ⅱ：丙烯酸松香（AR）、BDGE和MeHHPA;有规体系Ⅲ：丙烯酸松香基环氧树脂（ARE,由AR和BDGE预聚而来）和MeHHPA。对三体系的固化反应应用动态示差扫描量热仪（DSC）进行了研究,利用KAS法求得不同转化率下的表观活化能,通过整个反应过程反应活化能的变化,得到了三体系反应的内在机理,结果发现松香基的引入及引入顺序都对固化反应产生影响。     

新型Br(o)nsted-Lewis酸性离子液体的合成及其在松香二聚反应中的应用

合成、表征了新型Bronsted-Lewis酸性离子液体1-(3-磺酸)-丙基-3-甲基咪唑氯锌酸盐([HO3S-(CH2)3-mim]Cl-ZnCl2),并将其用于催化松香二聚反应.结果表明,[HO3S-(CH2)3-mim]Cl-ZnCl2(ZnCl2摩尔分数x＞0.5)为Bronsted和Lewis双酸性,且以[HO3S-(CH2)3-mim]Cl-ZnCl2 (x=0.64)的催化性能较佳.在松香5.0 g,甲苯15 g,离子液体质量分数5%,反应温度110℃和反应时间4 h的较佳实验条件下,所得产物聚合松香的软化点为118 ℃.此外,该催化剂的使用有利于产物的分离且分离的离子液体催化剂具有良好的重复使用性能.     

聚合松香中锌含量的火焰原子吸收法直接测试研究

利用９５％乙醇作溶剂，采用火焰原子吸收法直接测定聚合松香中的锌含量，因内未见类似报道，此方法非常适合在林化企业中推广使用。